“A Modern Instance” by William Dean Howells is a realist novel that examines the complexities of marriage, divorce, and social norms in 19th-century American society. The story centers on the tumultuous relationship between the central characters, who grapple with moral dilemmas and gender roles within the context of a changing social landscape. The novel explores the institution of marriage and its challenges, focusing on the protagonist, Bartley Hubbard, and his troubled relationship with his wife, Isabella. Their marriage deteriorates due to incompatibilities and personal failings, ultimately leading to divorce—a controversial and sensitive topic of the time. Howells presents a nuanced character study, delving into the moral and legal issues surrounding divorce and the hypocrisy often associated with societal judgments. The narrative critiques the rigid social expectations and explores how these norms impact individual lives and relationships.
Through its realistic portrayal of domestic life and family dynamics, “A Modern Instance” offers a critical examination of courtship, marriage, and the implications of legal and social changes. Howells' portrayal of these issues reflects the broader concerns of American society during the 19th century, providing insights into the evolving attitudes towards marriage and divorce.
William Dean Howells (1837-1920) was an American novelist, literary critic, and editor who played a significant role in the development of American literature in the late 19th century. He was born in Ohio and worked as a printer's apprentice before becoming a journalist and eventually a fiction writer. Howells' most famous novels include “The Rise of Silas Lapham,” “A Hazard of New Fortunes,” and “The Minister's Charge.” He was also an influential literary critic and editor, serving as the editor of The Atlantic Monthly from 1871 to 1881 and advocating for realism in literature. Howells was a friend and mentor to many writers of his time, including Mark Twain and Henry James. He also played an important role in promoting the works of African American writers, such as Paul Laurence Dunbar. Throughout his career, Howells was known for his social commentary and his concern for social justice. He was a strong advocate for women's rights and was active in the abolitionist movement before the Civil War. Overall, William Dean Howells was a key figure in the development of American literature in the late 19th century, and his contributions as a novelist, critic, and editor continue to be studied and appreciated today.
