Dubliners, a collection of James Joyce's fifteen short stories, was first published in 1914. It provides a realistic portrayal of Irish middle-class life in Dublin and the surrounding area in the early 20th century. When the stories were written, Irish nationalism was at its peak, and there was a huge desire for a sense of national identity and mission. Standing at a nexus of history and culture, Ireland was being jolted by numerous converging ideas and forces. They focus on the paralysis theme and Joyce's concept of an epiphany, which is a character's transformational self-understanding or illumination (Joyce felt Irish nationalism stagnated cultural progression, placing Dublin at the heart of a regressive movement). Following Joyce's categorization of the collection into childhood, adolescence, maturity, and public life, the following stories are written in the third person and deal with the lives and concerns of progressively older individuals. The first three stories in the book are narrated by children. Many of the Dubliner's characters later made cameos in Ulysses by James Joyce.
James Joyce was an Irish author, poet, and literary critic who lived from 2 February 1882 to 13 January 1941. One of the most significant and influential writers of the 20th century, he made contributions to the modernist avant-garde movement. Homer's Odyssey stories are echoed in a number of literary genres, especially stream of consciousness, in the famous Joyce novel Ulysses (1922). Other well-known works include the novel Finnegans Wake (1916), the novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916), and the short story collection Dubliners (1914). (1939). His other works include three poetry collections, a play, letters, and sporadic pieces of journalism. Joyce was raised in a middle-class family in Dublin. In County Kildare, he attended the Jesuit Clongowes Wood College before temporarily attending the Christian Brothers' O'Connell School. He did exceptionally well at the Jesuit Belvedere College and graduated from University College Dublin in 1902 despite the unpredictability of his father's income forcing a tumultuous home life on the family. He married Nora Barnacle in 1904, and the two of them settled in continental Europe. After a brief stint working in Pula, he relocated to Trieste, Austria-Hungary, where was employed as an English teacher.
