English philosopher, political economist, and civil servant John Stuart Mill wrote an essay titled "The Subjection of Women" in 1869 that contains concepts he and his wife Harriet Taylor Mill jointly developed. Soon after her tragic passing in late 1858, Mill finalized the manuscript for their joint work On Liberty (1859) and continued writing The Subjection of Women until its completion in 1861. The essay's defense of gender equality at the time of its publication was seen as a challenge to European traditional conventions surrounding the standing of men and women. Although most academics concur that John Stuart Mill wrote the article alone, it is also observed that several of the points are similar to those in Harriet Taylor Mill's 1851 essay The Enfranchisement of Women. At the time of writing, Mill understood that he was going against societal norms and that he would have to steadfastly support his statements. Over time, Mill's perspectives on several issues evolved. For a long time, Mill was viewed as a divergent philosopher who wrote on several topics.
John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806- 7 May 1973) was born in London, England. He was the most dominant English-language philosopher of the nineteenth century. He was a naturalist, utilitarian, and liberal whose work investigated the outcomes of a total empiricist outlook. As a result, he attempted to combine the best of eighteenth-century Enlightenment ideas with newly emerging nineteenth-century Romance and Historical Philosophy ideas. He was a member of the Liberal Party and writer of the early feminist work, The Subjection of Women. Mill was also the second Member of Parliament to call for women's right to vote after Henry Hunt in 1832. His most popular works are System of Logic (1843), On Liberty (1859), Utilitarianism (1861), and An Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy (1865).
