Leslie Stephen, a notable British philosopher and literary critic, wrote "The English Utilitarians, Volume 2" as an important book. This book is the first of a series that looks at the lives and philosophies of significant people in the utilitarian movement in England throughout the nineteenth century. Stephen concentrates on Jeremy Bentham and James Mill in this volume, two significant philosophers who played pivotal roles in the development and popularization of utilitarianism. Stephen provides thorough biographical histories of their lives as well as an examination of their intellectual contributions to utilitarian philosophy. The book examines utilitarianism as a moral and political philosophy in depth, focusing on its central principle which acts should aim to maximize happiness and reduce suffering for the greatest number of people. Stephen examines Bentham's utilitarian calculus, which quantified pleasure and pain, as well as James Mill's role in popularizing utilitarian concepts through their publications and participation in social and political reform organizations. Stephen explores the impact of utilitarianism on different sectors of society throughout the book, like legal reform, education, and political philosophy.
Sir Leslie Stephen KCB FBA (November 28, 1832 – February 22, 1904) was an English novelist, critic, historian, biographer, climber, and early humanist campaigner. He was also Virginia Woolf's and Vanessa Bell's father. Sir Leslie Stephen was the son of Sir James Stephen and (Lady) Jane Catherine (née Venn) Stephen, and was born at 14 (later renumbered 42) Hyde Park Gate, Kensington in London. His father was a prominent abolitionist and Colonial Undersecretary of State. His siblings included James Fitzjames Stephen (1829-1894) and Caroline Emelia Stephen (1834-1909), the fourth of five children. His ancestors belonged to the Clapham Sect, an early-nineteenth-century group of primarily evangelical Christian social reformers. He saw a lot of the Macaulays, James Spedding, Sir Henry Taylor, and Nassau Senior at his father's residence. Leslie Stephen attended Eton College, King's College London, and Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he earned his B.A. (20th wrangler) in 1854 and his M.A. in 1857. In 1854, he was elected a fellow of Trinity Hall, and in 1856, he was appointed a junior tutor. He was ordained in 1859, but his study of philosophy, along with the religious disputes surrounding Charles Darwin's publication of On the Origin of Species (1859), caused him to lose his faith in 1862, and he resigned from his positions at Cambridge and relocated to London in 1864.
